Southern+Africa-Colonialism+and+Independence

Questions for Inquiry:
Why were the Western powers interested in colonizing lands in Africa? Discuss the process of colonization. Was it a short or lengthy process? What benefits and disadvantages did colonization bring? What have been the effects of colonial division on the peoples of the Africa? What were the effects of colonization in particular countries? What was the role of resistance movements in the various colonies? Who were the important leaders of resistance? Investigate the road to independence in various countries. What are some similarities and differences? What were some of the difficulties in establishing independent countries? How did the colonial legacy lead to civil wars?

Keywords:
Africa, Southern Africa, Names of African countries, Imperialism, Colonization.

Subject Headings:
(Name of country)-History, (Name of country)-Economic conditions, (Name of country)-Social condtions, Southern Africa, Imperialism

Dewey Decimal Classification(s):
960-969, 305, 306

Reference:
The Diagram Group. __Encyclopedia of African Peoples.__ New York: Facts on File, 2000. REF 305.896 ENC __Encyclopedia of Africa South of the Sahara.__ 4 vols. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1997. REF 967.003 ENC Lye, Keith, and the Diagram Group. __Encyclopedia of African Nations and Civilizations.__ New York: Facts on File, 2002. REF 960.03 ENC Murray, Jocelyn, and Sean Sheehan.. __Africa____: Cultural Atlas for Young People.__ Rev. ed. New York: Facts on File, 2003. 960 MUR Murray, Jocelyn, ed. __Cultural Atlas of Africa.__ Rev. ed. New York: Checkmark Books, 1998. REF 960 CUL Page, Willie F. __Encyclopedia of African History and Culture.__ Vol. 3: From Conquest to Colonization. REF 960.03 PAG

Non-fiction:
Falola, Toyin, ed. __Teen Life in Africa.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004. 305.235 TEE French, Howard W. __A Continent for the Taking: the Tragedy and Hope of Africa.__ New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004. 967.03 FRE Hitchcock, Robert K. and Alan J. Osborn, eds. __Endangered Peoples of Africa and the Middle East.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 305.8 END Oppong, Joseph R. __Africa South of the Sahara.__ Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2006. 967 OPP Hunter-Gault, Charlayne. __New News Out of Africa: Uncovering Africa's Renaissance.__ New York: Oxford University Press, 206. 968 HUN Wepman, Dennis. __Africa: the Struggle for Independence.__ New York: Facts on File, 1993. 960 W
 * General**:

Bodnarchuk, Kari. __Rwanda: Country Torn Apart.__ Minneapolis: Lerner, 2000. 967.571 BOD Ciment, James. __Angola and Mozambique: Postcolonial Wars in Southea, N.rn Africa.__ New York: Facts on File, 1997. 967.304 CIM Cottrell, Robert C. __South Africa: a State of Apartheid.__ Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2005. 968 COT Denbow, James. __Culture and Customs of Botswana.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2006. 968.83 DEN Durost-Fish, Bruce and Becky. __Congo: Exploration, Reform, and a Brutal Legacy.__ Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2000. 967.5 FIS Eades, Lindsay Michie. __The End of Apartheid in South Africa.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999. 305.8 EAD Falola, Toyin. __Culture and Customs of Nigeria.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2001. 306.096 FAL Fisanick, Christina,ed. __The Rwanda Genocide.__ Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2004. 967.57104 RWA Gobodo-Madikizela, Pumla. __A Human Being Died That Night: a South African Story of Forgiveness.__ Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2003. B De KOCK Gondola, Ch. Didier. __The History of Congo.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 967.51 GON Gourevitch, Philip. __We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families.__ New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1998. 364.156 G Kachur, Matthew. __The Slave Trade.__ Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2006. 306.3 KAC Keane, Fegal. __Season of Blood: a Rwandan Journey.__ New York: Viking, 1996. 967.571 KEA Mathabane, Mark. __African Women: Three__ Generati Bons__.__ New York: HarperCollins, 1994. 305.4 MAT Mukenge, Tshilemalema. __Culture and Customs of the Congo.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 967.51 MUK Owomoyela, Oyekan. __Culture and Customs of Zimbabwe.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 968.91 OWO Pakenham, Thomas. __The Boer War.__ New York: Avon Books, 1992. 968 P Salm, Steven. __Culture and Customs of Ghana.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2002. 966.7 SAL Sobaniya, N. W. __Culture and Customs Kenya.__ Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003. 305.8 SOB
 * Individual Countries**:

Achebe, Chinua. __Home and Exile.__ New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. B ACHEBE Mandela, Nelson. __Long Walk to Freedom.__ Boston: Little Brown, 1994. B MANDELA Mathabane, Miriam. __Miriam's Song.__ New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. B MATHABANE Mathabane, Mark. __Kaffir Boy.__ New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986. B MATHABANE Rusesabagina, Paul. __An Ordinary Man.__ New York: Viking, 2006 B RUSESABAGII
 * Biography**:

Fiction:
Achebe, Chinua. __Things Fall Apart.__ New York, Anchor Books, 1994. F ACH Achebe, Chinua. __Arrow of God.__ F ACH Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. __Purple Hibiscus.__ Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books, 2003. F ADI Ba, Mariama. __So Long a Letter.__ London: Heinemann, 1981. F BA Coetzee, J.M. __Disgrace.__ New York: Penguin Books, 1999. F COE Dangarembga, Tsitsi. __Nervous Conditions.__ Seattle, WA: Seal Press, 1988. F DAN Galgut, Damon. __The Good Doctor.__ New York: Grove Press, 2003. F GAL Gordimer, Nadine. __July's People.__ New York: Penguin Books, 1981 F GOR Iweala, Uzodinma. __Beasts of No Nation.__ New York: Harper Perennial, 2005. F IWE

• Print:
Beah, Ishmael. "The Making, and Unmaking, of a Child Soldier." __New York Times Magazine__, Jan. 14, 2007: p. 36- Rosenberg, Tina. "When a Pill Is Not Enough (pregnant women infected with HIV). __New York Times Magazine__, August 6, 2006: p. 4-

Online:
Habib, Adam. "State-Civil Society Relations in Post- Apartheid South Africa." __Social Research__ 72.3 (2005): 671-692. __MasterFILE Premier__. 4 March 2007. [|http://search.ebscohost.com.] Munger, Edwin S. "SOUTH AFRICA: ARE THERE SILVER LININGS?." __Foreign Affairs__ 47.2 (1969): 375-386. __MasterFILE Premier__. 4 March 2007. [|http://search.ebscohost.com] Bawa, Ahmed C. "South Africa's Young Democracy, Ten Years On: Guest Editor's Introduction." __Social Research__ 72.3 (2005): 501-501. __MasterFILE Premier__. 4 March 2007. [|http://search.ebscohost.com.]

Databases:
History Resource Center: World (New York Public Library) http://www.nypl.org/databases Biography Resource Center (New York Public Library) http://www.nypl.org/databases Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/new42851

Amnesty International Library Online Documentation Archive http://web.amnesty.org/library/engindex

Library of Congress Country Studies [|__http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cshome.html]

U. S. Census Bureau International Data Base http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbnew.html____ __History of Southern Africa in General (World History Archives)__ http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/37/index-i.html

Web Sites:
===UNICEF. Africa's Orphan Crisis: Worst Is Yet To Come http://www.unicef.org/media/media_16287.html BBC World Service. The Story of Africa: Southern Africa. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section12.shtml AIDS in Africa: A Health Spotlight Special Report. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/aids_in_africa===

Videos/DVDs
__:Africa: Challenges in the 21st Century__. Wynnewood, PA: Schlessinger Media, 2004. 23 min. DVD 960.33 AFR __Africa: A History Denied__. Distributed by Time-Life Video & Television, 1995. 48 min. DVD 968.9 AFR __Ghosts of Rwanda__. Distributed by PBS Home Video, 2004. 120 min. DVD 967.571 GHO : __Hotel Rwanda__. Santa Monica, CA: Metro Goldwyn Mayer Home Entertainment, 2005. 122 min. DVD 792.9 HOT __Islam & Christianity in Africa__. Wynnewood, PA: Schlessinger Media, 2006. 64 min. DVD 200.96 ISL __Slavery & Colonialism in Africa__. Wynnewood, PA: Schlessinger Media, 2006. 39 min. DVD 960.3 SLA __The South African Anti-Apartheid Movement__. Wynnewood, PA: Schlessinger Media, 2005. DVD 968.06 SOU

CDs:
Makeba, Miriam. __Homeland__. Putumayo World Music, 2000. CD Wemba, Papa. __Molokai__. Real World Records, 1998. CD

Community Resources__:__
Museum for African Art (traveling exhibitions__)__ Metropolitan Museum of Art Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture (New York Public Library)

Curriculum Standards Related to This Topic:
Social Studies Standard 2: World History__: Students will use a variety of intellectual skills to demonstrate their understanding of major ideas, eras, themes, developments, and turning points in world history and examine the broad sweep of history from a variety of perspectives. English Language Arts Standard 1: Students will read, write, listen, and speak for information and understanding.